Teagasc Críostaí (1815)

Illuminated by Josephés Rhaoid in Ireland and carried by him to Miramichi, New Brunswick.

Step into the world of Teagasc Críostaí, an illuminated manuscript that weaves a tapestry of history, cultural migration, and resilience. Crafted by the skilled hand of scribe Josephés Rhaoid (Joseph Read) in 1815 Ireland, this precious document embarked on a remarkable journey, following Joseph to Miramichi, New Brunswick, as he sought a new life across the Atlantic. Little did Rhaoid know that his creation would endure challenges that would test its very existence.

This illuminated masterpiece withstood the trials of emigration and the ravages of the Great Fire of Miramichi, and traversed the vast landscape of North America through the hands of dedicated Irish-speakers. Teagasc Críostaí, like a resilient phoenix, rose from the ashes of adversity, carrying with it the spirit of Irish heritage.

The roots of this manuscript trace to Parrthas An Anma (“Paradise of the Soul”), written by Antoin Gearnon in 1645 in Louvain, Belgium. The easily-understood Irish of Gearnon's book offered solace and spiritual guidance to the uneducated Catholics of Ireland during a time when Irish traditions faced persecution by the English. Gearnon's work became a symbol of resilience, and the Gaelic type printing press that birthed Parrthas An Anma was among the first of its kind, influencing Irish typography for centuries afterwards.

Now resting at University College Dublin, this manuscript warmly welcomes us to uncover the cultural richness it carried to Canada within its pages.

 
 
 
 
Oral recitation of Teagasc Críostaí an Chonnachtaigh
Aodh Ó Dubhthaigh (1931, Tionscadal Gréasáin Cheirníní Doegen)
 

We cannot know how many pages may have been lost to emigration and fire, and there now only remains the cover inscriptions and the table of contents of this amazing document. To expand the understanding of what this page represents, and to explore some of the knowledge Irish emigrants carried with them, we present here also the text of Parrthas an Anma for each item of Joseph’s surviving table of contents.

 

For citation, please use: Rhaoid, Josephés. 1815. “Teagasc Críostaí.” Ó Dubhghaill, Dónall. 2024. Na Gaeil san Áit Ró-Fhuar. Gaeltacht an Oileáin Úir: www.gaeilge.ca

Audio recording courtesy of: “Teagasc Críostaí an Chonnachtaigh - Aodh Ó Dubhthaigh” Tionscadal Gréasáin Cheirníní Doegen © Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann, licensed under CC BY-NC 3.0.

Text reconstruction adapted from: Gearnon, Antoin. 1645. Parrthas an Anma. Foclóir Stairiúil na Nua-Ghaeilge © Acadamh Ríoga na hÉireann, licensed under CC BY-NC 3.0.

 
Dónall Ó Dubhghaill

Rugadh agus tógadh Dónall in Ontáirio, Ceanada. Ardaíodh go Taoiseach na Gaeltachta é i 2019. Tá sé a’ tógaint a bheirt chailíní suas i gCeanada tríd an nGaelainn.

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